Net Metering by State

What your electric utility actually pays for exported solar power.

Colorado solar export compensation

What Colorado pays for exported rooftop solar power, with the source and the date each figure was checked.

Record verified 2026-09-16 · 18 of 17 fields sourced

What does your utility pay?

No single rate — formula based

Monthly excess kWh offset applicable retail kWh at 1:1; annual cash-out at AHIC, or customer may elect indefinite rollover dollar credits at the prevailing total energy rate plus applicable per-kWh riders

Xcel Energy Colorado · Colorado

Effective Current filed Schedule NM read 2026-09-16; annual cash-out within 60 days after calendar year

Schedule NM is Xcel's CPUC-filed Net Metering Service tariff. Xcel also purchases RECs under separate Solar*Rewards contracts; REC payments are distinct from net-metering export compensation.

Source: xcelenergy.com

Full Xcel Energy Colorado detail →

Colorado's investor-owned utilities generally provide retail-rate net metering for new customer-sited renewable generation: monthly excess kWh offset later retail kWh at 1:1, subject to annual cash-out at the utility's average hourly incremental cost unless the customer elects indefinite rollover. Xcel Energy and Black Hills Energy are CPUC-regulated; municipal utilities and most rural cooperatives operate under their own governing bodies and tariffs. Colorado's rules allow systems sized up to 120% of site consumption for ordinary on-site net metering, while Black Hills' on-site tariff reflects a 200% multi-property consumption standard authorized under its current tariff and commission rules.

Program details

Compensation mechanismRetail-rate net metering for investor-owned qualifying retail utilities: monthly excess kWh carry forward at 1:1 against retail kWh; annual cash-out is at the utility's average hourly incremental cost unless the customer makes the one-time election for an indefinite rollover credit. Xcel's rollover election converts excess generation to a dollar credit based on the prevailing total energy rate; Black Hills also provides on-site net metering under its filed tariff.
Export rateNo single statewide dollar export rate. Under ordinary net metering, monthly excess is credited 1:1 in kWh against the customer's applicable retail rate; annual cash-out is at each utility's average hourly incremental cost. Black Hills' filed 2026 Energy Payment/AHIC rate is $0.03489/kWh for annual cash-out. Xcel's rollover option uses the prevailing total energy rate plus per-kWh riders for the generation period.
Rate effectiveRetail credit applies under the utility's effective retail rate schedule; Black Hills' $0.03489/kWh AHIC cash-out rate is effective January 1, 2026. Xcel's tariff does not state one fixed statewide export price.
Credit rolloverExcess kWh carry from month to month at 1:1 against retail kWh. A customer may make a one-time written election for a dollar-credit rollover indefinitely until service terminates; Xcel's dollar credit is based on the prevailing total energy rate for the period generated, while Black Hills' tariff provides the same indefinite rollover option for on-site net metering.
Credit expirationNo expiration while the customer remains in service if the indefinite rollover option is elected; remaining credits are not paid when service terminates. Without that election, excess is reconciled and cashed out within 60 days after the calendar year or service termination.
Annual true-upWithin 60 days after the end of each calendar year, or within 60 days after termination of retail service, unless the customer has elected indefinite rollover.
Residential system capFor ordinary investor-owned-utility net metering, no more than 120% of the customer's average annual electricity consumption at the site and no more than the service entrance capacity. Black Hills' current on-site tariff states a 200% limit measured across all properties owned or leased by the customer in its service territory, subject to capacity and distribution limits.
Commercial system capFor ordinary investor-owned-utility net metering, no more than 120% of average annual site consumption and no more than service entrance capacity; Black Hills' current on-site tariff applies a 200% reasonably expected average annual total-consumption limit across the customer's properties in its territory. Off-site systems are limited by statute/tariff to 500 kW for a single-meter installation or 300 kW per meter for a multi-meter installation.
Aggregate program capNo statewide aggregate program-capacity cap identified for ordinary on-site net metering. The principal limits are customer/site sizing and service-entrance or distribution capacity; off-site installations have 500 kW single-meter and 300 kW-per-meter multi-meter limits.
Program statusNo statewide ordinary on-site net-metering cap reported as reached. Black Hills' tariff states customer-specific sizing and off-site limits rather than a program subscription cap.
RegulatorColorado Public Utilities Commission (CPUC)
DocketProceeding No. 21A-0625EG (Xcel Renewable Energy Standard/Off-Site DG settlement and tariff); Proceeding No. 21AL-0650E / Decision No. R22-0316 (Black Hills off-site net metering).
Governing rule4 CCR 723-3-3664 (Net Metering), C.R.S. § 40-2-124, and each utility's CPUC-filed net-metering tariff (Xcel Schedule NM; Black Hills On-Site Net Metering Service).
GrandfatheringNo separate statewide fixed-term grandfathering period was identified. Existing customers can retain the indefinite rollover treatment by making the one-time election described in the rule/tariff; credits end without payment when service terminates under that election.
Interconnection applicationCustomer or installer submits the utility's distributed-energy-resource interconnection application and required technical documents through the serving utility's process/portal; after approval, the utility installs or programs bidirectional metering and authorizes parallel operation. Xcel uses its DER interconnection portal; Black Hills requires the appropriate application and fee under its interconnection tariff.
Interconnection timelineFor certified inverter-based resources up to 25 kW AC, Level 1 verification is within 10 business days under current Rule 3854. Level 2 initial review is within 15 business days after a complete request; larger or non-qualifying projects use supplemental or Level 3 study timelines. The utility must acknowledge receipt within 3 business days and determine completeness within 10 business days under the current interconnection procedures.
Pending changeHB26-1225 was enacted in 2026 and is scheduled to take effect August 12, 2026 if no referendum petition changes that outcome. It requires qualifying utilities to implement off-site installation limits (500 kW single-meter and 300 kW per meter multi-meter), directs the CPUC to evaluate those limits in a future Renewable Energy Standard compliance plan, and requires a qualifying utility with more than 500,000 Colorado customers to report its interconnection working-group recommendations by December 15, 2026. The act also creates an October 1, 2026 option for community-solar organizations to direct different fixed/annual credit treatment for income-qualified and other subscribers; this is community solar, not ordinary on-site NEM.

Rates by utility

State rules set the framework. Individual utilities often pay something different, and where they do the utility tariff governs.

Public Service Company of Colorado (Xcel Energy)Monthly excess kWh offset applicable retail kWh at 1:1; annual cash-out at AHIC, or customer may elect indefinite rollover dollar credits at the prevailing total energy rate plus applicable per-kWh riders
Current filed Schedule NM read 2026-09-16; annual cash-out within 60 days after calendar year
Schedule NM is Xcel's CPUC-filed Net Metering Service tariff. Xcel also purchases RECs under separate Solar*Rewards contracts; REC payments are distinct from net-metering export compensation.
Black Hills Colorado Electric, LLC d/b/a Black Hills EnergyMonthly on-site excess kWh offset at 1:1 against retail kWh; annual cash-out at AHIC. Filed Energy Payment/AHIC rate: $0.03489/kWh effective January 1, 2026.
January 1, 2026 AHIC cash-out rate; on-site net-metering tariff current July 1, 2026 tariff book
The current tariff includes On-Site Net Metering Service and separate Off-Site Net Metering Service. Residential TOU customers' excess on-peak/off-peak kWh are monetized at the respective rates and applied as a bill credit.
Municipal utilities and rural electric cooperativesNot statewide CPUC-regulated; compensation depends on the utility's own tariff or governing-body policy
Utility-specific
Colorado net-metering rule 3664 applies to investor-owned qualifying retail utilities. Municipal utilities and cooperatives that have exempted themselves from CPUC jurisdiction are outside that rule's direct coverage; examples include Colorado Springs Utilities, Fort Collins Utilities, Longmont Power, and many rural cooperatives.

Sources read for this record

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